Paternity - $220

Why you should have a paternity test done?
Establishing paternity means being declared the legal father after the child is born. if the parents of the child were not married when the mother became pregnant or when the child was born, the child does not have a legal father until paternity is established. Establishing paternity is important for both the child and the parents. A child is entitled to the sense of belonging and identity that comes from knowing both parents. Establishing paternity often has an important emotional and psychological benefit for the child. Until there is a determination that a biological father is the legal father, the child has no right to receive financial support from the father, to inherit from the father or to obtain insurance, veterans, social security or other benefits through the father. Likewise, until paternity is legally establish, the biological father has no legal rights to the child, such as parenting time with the child, or participation in major decisions about the child, such as medical treatment, education or religious training.

Additionally, genetic diseases are inherited, thus knowing your biological ancestry can be useful in proactive care and transplantation. Paternity laws tend to vary from state to state.

Fast, Easy and Painless Sample Collection

Collecting samples for DNA analysis is an easy and painless process that can be performed in the privacy of your own home, or at a sample collection site, if a court admissible test is required. A sterile swab, similar to a Q-tip is rubbed on the inside of the cheek for 30 seconds, placed into an envelope and send back to the lab for analysis. 



Three Easy Steps.....

Step 1- Order a DNA kit

Step 2- Collect swab samples.

Step 3- Mail samples to laboratory.

Results will be available in approximately 2-3 business days after receipt of Chromosomal Laboratories. Guaranteed express results are also available.

Legal Paternity Test - $325

Samples for a legal test must be collected or witnessed by a neutral third party such as a laboratory, doctor, or clinic.  The third party collector will use proper Chain of Custody; a documentation process used to ensure the test results are legally admissible.  When your samples are collected for a legal test you will be required to show government issued photo ID.  In addition, a photograph of all test participants may be taken.  If you are interested in a legal test, our DNA Case Managers can locate a collection facility close to your home.

Useful for:
• Child support
• Custody
• Inheritance

Important Notice
We hope this page provide you with the general knowledge you need to know about certain DNA tests, most importantly the different between "Legal" and "non-Legal" testing. Legal testing can be use in a court of law while non-Legal is for your personal knowledge only. As customers you should always be aware that each lab take a different approach in testing your DNA. Try to steer clear of lab that advertise of unclear results such as "possibility of error," these lab do minimal testing that yield inconclusive results. Human share some common genes and if these genes were to be minimally tested it can yield incorrect reading of matches and non-matches. Beware of where you get tested!

Chromosomal Lab provide accuracy that is over a million times higher than most States and Federal Government standards. After all we have been an industry leader for almost two decades. Chromosomal lab will test as much as possible to achieve the correct results. At Chromosomal Lab we provide you with the best and most accurate result on legal or non-legal tests. All Legal tests are guaranteed to be available for use in any court of law. Our laboratory is standing by to exceed your expectation and give you with peace of mind.

Testing the Alleged Father's Relatives
When an alleged father is not available, paternity can be established indirectly by testing known family members. This type of testing can be performed using grandparents, aunts, uncles or known siblings. The mother of the child should be tested to increase the accuracy of the test.

Forensic Evidence in Paternity Testing
Forensically valuable DNA can be found on evidence that is decades old. Several factors can affect DNA stability, such as sunlight, moisture, bacteria, and mold. Consequently, not all SNA evidence will result in a usable SNA profile. Common sources of forensic DNA evidence include:
• Fingernail Clippings
• Hair with roots or follicles
• Chewing gum
• Used Beverage Container
• Eyeglasses
• Hats
• Post mortem tissue
• Likable stamps or envelopes
• Teeth or dentures
• Toothbrush or toothpick
• Cigarette butt
• Dental floss
• Facial tissue or cotton swab

The importance of Establishing Paternity
There are a number of compelling reasons for determining the paternity of a child. Foremost, a child is entitled to the sense of identity that comes from knowing both biological parents. Knowledge of a child's biological heritage can also be extremely useful later in life for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases. Lastly, determination of paternity laws vary from state to state. For specific information, contact your state attorney general's office. 



Grandparent DNA Test - Grandparentage Testing - $450
Grandparentage Testing establishes a maternal or paternal relationship. In cases where a suspected mother or deceased, missing, or unavailable to participate in genetic testing, both of the paternal or maternal grandparents can be tested in order to determine the likelihood of Grandparentage.

Grandparent Testing:
Our children grow to have children and the bonds between a grandparent and a grandchild are no less important than with their parents. Whether you need a test because your son is being challenged by his ex-girlfriend or the alleged father can no longer be tested, DNA testing can most likely provide you with answers.

Establishing Paternity through Grandparents
It is strongly recommended that the alleged father be tested directly to establish paternity. When it is not possible to test the father, a minimum of one of his parents is likely to help. Testing can be perform with as little as two individuals (grandparent & child) but adding other family members can help clarify the relationship. Ideally both parents of the alleged father, the mother and the child should be tested fort he best results.

Private Maternity Testing - $245
Maternity DNA testing determines whether a woman could be the biological mother of a child. Like a DNA paternity test, it compares a child’s DNA pattern with that of the alleged mother to determine how likely it is that the child has inherited the DNA from the alleged mother.
Maternity test results may be used in the following circumstances:

• To confirm that an adoptee has been reunited with his/her birth mother
• To prove biological relationships in an immigration case.
• To confirm that an embryo conceived through in vitro fertilization was implanted into the correct mother
• To resolve situations in which mothers or hospital staff suspect that a baby mix-up has occurred in the nursery

In a maternity test, the child, alleged mother, and biological father are tested. The father’s participation in the maternity test helps to exclude half of the child’s DNA, leaving the rest for comparison with the alleged mother. If the father is not available, we can perform a fatherless test, which involves additional analysis, without additional charge.

To order a DNA maternity test, please use our online contact form or call 1-866-648-6880. The DNA test fee is $385, and there is a sample collection fee of $25 for the child and alleged mother (fathers collected free of charge). Additional children and/or alleged mothers may be tested at for a DNA test fee of $145 each and a sample collection fee of $25 each. (Note: Due to additional procedures required by the New York State Department of Health, collection fees for appointments made in New York vary.)

Prenatal Sample Collection
The paternity of an unborn child can be determined utilizing the same laboratory methods used in conventional paternity testing. Prenatal DNA from an unborn child is collected and compared to DNA from the mother and the alleged father, whose DNA is collected using conventional buccal swab techniques.  The prenatal DNA can be collected by a physician utilizing one of two techniques: amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS). The type of sample collected will depend on the stage of pregnancy. CVS is typically performed between the 10th and 12th weeks of pregnancy, while amniotic samples are collected between 12 and 21 weeks.

Amniocentesis is an invasive procedure that involves inserting a needle into the mother’s abdomen to withdraw a small amount of amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac which surrounds the developing fetus. This procedure can lead to damage or loss of the baby in up to 1% of cases. As a result, it is recommended that patients wait until the baby is born, unless they are already undergoing this procedure for medical reasons.  

In general, a 10 ml sample of amniotic fluid is requested. Samples can be collected in sterile non-preserved vials. Samples collected prior to 18 weeks gestation may contain insufficient fetal DNA for analysis.

Chorionic villus sampling involves inserting a catheter through the cervix and removing portions of the chorionic villi. Chorionic villi are microscopic finger-like projections that emerge from the chorionic membrane and eventually form the placenta. The cells in the chorionic villi are of fetal origin, and thus have the same genetic composition as the baby. This procedure can lead to damage or loss of the baby.  As a result, it is recommended that patients wait until the baby is born, unless they are already undergoing this procedure for medical reasons.  Samples should be shipped frozen on dry ice to the laboratory via overnight courier.

Newborn Sample Collection
Unlike older methods, a DNA paternity test can be conducted on individuals at any age, including newborns. Samples can be collected at the time of delivery using umbilical cord blood or the sample can be collected after the birthing process, using buccal swabs. Check for Fee and Schedule.

Accuracy
Industry wide, paternity are generated using as few as four markers, to as many as 16 markers. Chromosomal Laboratories routinely uses a 16 marker test that can achieve a probability of 99.999% . Should a complex case arise, Chromosomal Laboratories can test an additional 5 markers, for a total of 21 genetic markers.

The primary difference between a legal and private test is how the sample are collected. the laboratory testing itself is the same.

Private Paternity Test - $220
A private paternity test can be collected by yourself, in the privacy of your own home, but is not admissible in court.  The private paternity test is a quick, private and economical solution that is perfect for families who are seeking the truth regarding paternity for personal information.  If you are interested in a private test, a kit can be shipped to your home. Private (non chain of custody) paternity tests are not accredited by AABB at any laboratory.

Useful for:
• Mothers and Fathers with lingering doubt
• Adult children wanting verification their true biological parents  
• Families wanting to know before incurring expensive legal costs


All About Likelihood
Each grandparent should share 1/4 of the their DNA in common with the grandchild. If only one grandparent and child are tested, the statistical power of the test may be limited. But if they share enough UNCOMMON MARKERS, there may be a high likelihood that they are biologically related.

Avuncular Test - $360
An avuncular test involves testing the child’s paternal aunt or uncle (the alleged father’s sister or brother).  Including the mother in this test is strongly recommended as it strengthens the genetic evidence. Generally, this test will not give results as strong as a grandparentage test, but it is still a good option if the only people available for testing are  the alleged father's siblings.

The fee for this test is based on the number of individuals tested. Results are available 3-5 business days after receipt at the laboratory.



Siblingship Test Private - $360
A siblingship test is useful for determining if individuals are full brother/sisters, half brothers/sisters or unrelated.  Whenever the mother(s) is/are known, it is strongly recommended that they be included in the test.  Including the mother(s) in the test can increase the results ten-fold, where you might see a probability of 98% instead of only 83%.

The fee for this test is based on the number of individuals tested.  Results are available 3-5 business days after receipt at the laboratory.

Twin Testing - $360
Approximately one in every fifty Americans is a twin, two thirds of which are fraternal and one third identical.

Identical twins are formed when one egg is fertilized by a single sperm cell and then divides within the first few days of pregnancy. If division of the egg occurs after 8 days, this can result in conjoined twins, also known as Siamese twins. Twins produced by this process are referred to as identical since their DNA sequence is identical. While the twins are identical genetically, this often does not apply to the actual physical or behavioral traits. Generally their traits are similar, however they can differ. Fraternal twins are formed when two eggs are independently fertilized by two sperm cells. Fraternal twins do not have identical DNA but will have half of their DNA in common, just like siblings of the same parents that are born at different times. Fraternal twins can either be of the same sex or different sex. The occurrence of fraternal twins varies substantially in frequency over the world.  They are common in the pregnancies of older women, especially common in Africans, and relatively rare among those of Asian heritage.

Twin classification done at delivery often results in misidentification.  For example, approximately 25-33% of identical twins have two sets of chorionic membranes. Unless a DNA or other blood test was performed, it is difficult to accurately determine if twins are fraternal or identical.

The fee for this test includes 2 individuals.  Results are available 2-3 business days after receipt at the laboratory.

Child Safety Identification

Why is knowing your child's DNA so important?

A child goes missing every 40 seconds in the U.S

The thought of having your child or grandchild become "missing is a thought none of us wants to entertain. However, the world today is not the same world that you grew up in. Missing children are reported thousands of times everyday across America. The statistics surrounding missing children are staggering. According to the National Center for Missing and Exploited children, 2,100 children go missing per day. In excess of 800,000 children are reported missing each year. Another 500,000 go missing without every being reported. Don't bury your head in the sand with the thoughts of "it just couldn't happen to my family" Being proactive and wise doesn't mean living in fear. However, no monetary value can be replaces on the life of your child. the affordable fee to have your child or loved one's DNA profiled is priceless in the event of a tragic occurrence.

Know your Child's DNA
The procedure is painless and simple. A simple swabbing of the inner cheek is all that is needed to obtain a sample of DNA from your child. All testing is provided by Chromosomal Laboratories-one of the highest  accredited and credentialed DNA laboratories in the world. Testing is performed in a technologically advanced safe laboratory environment. Knowing your child's DNA means you care enough to plan ahead. Who knows what the future holds. Preparation is priceless, and knowing your child's DNA is a timely and important issue. Planning for the future means being responsible and prepared. The profiling procedure is quick, painless and easy. Once it is completed, you will have a  permanent record of your child's unique individual characteristics that will not change with time. Call for price.