All people have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in total. One half is inherited from our mother and the other half is inherited from our father. Gene make up the blueprint for our body, governing factors such as growth, development and functioning. Almost every cell in the human body contains a copy a copy of the blueprint, stored inside the nucleus. Each cell of the body contains DNA organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each chromosome contains thousands of genetic makers or "gene". Of the 46 chromosomes in each cell, two determine gender while the other 44 determine other traits. Certain portions of DNA are unique to each individual. This genetic information cannot be purposely altered in any way. DNA profiling is a way to establish identity and it can be use in a variety of ways, such as determining twins to be identical or fraternal, and for many other family relationship identification. DNA samples can be obtained from blood, buccal swab, hair root, saliva, semen and much more. Because no two individuals with h exception of identical twins are composed of the exact same genetic profile, DNA testing is the absolute means to confirm any biological relationship in doubt.